Bill Overview
Title: Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Extension Act
Description: This bill extends through December 31, 2034, the authority of the President to impose sanctions on foreign persons involved in certain gross violations of internationally recognized human rights and significant acts of corruption.
Sponsors: Sen. Rubio, Marco [R-FL]
Target Audience
Population: Foreign individuals involved in gross human rights violations and significant corruption
Estimated Size: 500
- The bill allows the US President to impose sanctions on foreign individuals, indicating that the primary target population is foreign individuals involved in human rights abuses and corruption.
- Sanctions often affect both the sanctioned individuals and broader communities, potentially leading to direct impacts on the individuals involved and indirect effects on their families and business partners.
- Such sanctions might prevent certain individuals from traveling to the U.S., freezing their assets, and barring them from doing business with Americans.
- The individuals are primarily those in positions of power or influence in various countries outside the U.S.
- The text does not specify particular countries or regions, so potentially, any foreign person involved in the specified activities could be a target. Thus, people across many countries could be impacted.
Reasoning
- The primary target population of this policy is not U.S. citizens but foreign nationals involved in human rights violations and corruption. Thus, the direct impact on U.S. citizens will likely be indirect, mostly affecting those involved in international business or human rights/anti-corruption work.
- It's essential to simulate a population that might experience varying levels of indirect influence or none at all, which means including U.S. citizens who might be linked to the financial or business aspects that could be influenced by such sanctions.
- Given that the U.S. economy and international relations might slightly shift, some Americans could be influenced through economic changes or changes to international business contexts, while others remain unaffected.
- Considering a large American population, the direct impact would be rare and indirect, thus many of these simulated interviews will have a 'none' or 'low' impact level, with a limited number experiencing medium or high impact.
- The policy budget limitations indicate focusing on individuals who are closely connected to foreign individuals likely to be sanctioned, which involves a small group of Americans based on economic or familial ties abroad.
Simulated Interviews
Investment Banker (New York, NY)
Age: 45 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 2.0 years
Commonness: 4/20
Statement of Opinion:
- This policy might make some of our clients nervous, as they may fear sanctions if they operate in areas or sectors targeted.
- Business could become tricky if any clients fall under these new sanctions.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 9 |
| Year 20 | 9 | 9 |
Human Rights Lawyer (Washington, DC)
Age: 32 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 8
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 2/20
Statement of Opinion:
- This gives us more leverage in bringing cases against perpetrators. It's empowering for those in my field.
- It's a solid provision to support and further our mission in holding international offenders accountable.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 9 | 8 |
| Year 2 | 9 | 8 |
| Year 3 | 9 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 10 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 10 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 9 | 8 |
Oil Company Executive (Houston, TX)
Age: 60 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 3.0 years
Commonness: 3/20
Statement of Opinion:
- Sanctions have historically complicated our international operations.
- This may require us to reassess some overseas investments.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 8 |
Tech Startup Founder (Los Angeles, CA)
Age: 25 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 2.0 years
Commonness: 5/20
Statement of Opinion:
- We are careful about compliance, but these additional measures can pose new risks for partnership in sanctioned regions.
- This policy could inhibit some growth opportunities abroad.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 5 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 8 |
University Professor (Chicago, IL)
Age: 40 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 8
Duration of Impact: 0.0 years
Commonness: 10/20
Statement of Opinion:
- This policy can enrich the academic discourse around U.S. foreign policy and international law.
- It could lead to more case studies for my work.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 2 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 3 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 9 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 9 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 9 | 8 |
International Trade Consultant (Miami, FL)
Age: 55 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 3.0 years
Commonness: 3/20
Statement of Opinion:
- Ensuring compliance for clients will become a bigger part of our services.
- The policy may cause some companies to tread more cautiously.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 8 |
Journalist (Boston, MA)
Age: 52 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 1/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I believe this policy could lead to more transparency in reporting on international human rights abuses.
- The potential to unearth stories through sanctioned disclosures is intriguing.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 8 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 8 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 9 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 9 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 8 |
Software Engineer (Atlanta, GA)
Age: 37 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 0.0 years
Commonness: 15/20
Statement of Opinion:
- It's unlikely this policy will impact our company directly.
- We generally have compliance systems that adapt to multinational regulations.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 8 |
Retired (Seattle, WA)
Age: 65 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 8
Duration of Impact: 0.0 years
Commonness: 20/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I believe this policy will show the world that the U.S. is serious about international human rights.
- However, as someone retired, it doesn't affect my daily life.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 2 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 3 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 9 | 8 |
Small Business Owner (Denver, CO)
Age: 50 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 0.0 years
Commonness: 10/20
Statement of Opinion:
- While an important policy, it doesn't directly impact my business.
- We do have some foreign clients, but none potentially involved in unethical practices.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 8 |
Cost Estimates
Year 1: $25000000 (Low: $20000000, High: $30000000)
Year 2: $25000000 (Low: $20000000, High: $30000000)
Year 3: $25000000 (Low: $20000000, High: $30000000)
Year 5: $25000000 (Low: $20000000, High: $30000000)
Year 10: $25000000 (Low: $20000000, High: $30000000)
Year 100: $25000000 (Low: $20000000, High: $30000000)
Key Considerations
- Potential legal battles and international negotiations could impact costs.
- Economic retaliation by sanctioned entities or countries could ripple into other economic sectors.
- Administration and enforcement of sanctions require consistent allocation of resources to ensure effectiveness.