Bill Overview
Title: Reducing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Juvenile Justice System Act of 2022
Description: This bill modifies provisions under the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Program in order to more specifically address racial and ethnic disparities with respect to arrests, secure detentions, and other decision points.
Sponsors: Rep. Crow, Jason [D-CO-6]
Target Audience
Population: Juveniles involved in the justice system
Estimated Size: 700000
- The bill addresses juveniles involved in the justice system, specifically focusing on racial and ethnic disparities.
- Juveniles refers to individuals typically under the age of 18 who come into contact with the juvenile justice system.
- Racial and ethnic disparities suggest that minorities, particularly racial and ethnic minority groups, within the juvenile system are a major focus.
- The global juvenile population is large, but only a subset will interact with the juvenile justice system.
Reasoning
- The policy is targeted at reducing racial and ethnic disparities in the juvenile justice system, which is why individuals from these demographics who have interacted with the system are primarily considered.
- The global estimate accounts for juveniles worldwide, but the focus here is on American juveniles in the justice system due to the policy's geographic application.
- Population estimates take into account potential reach and systemic changes over time. The ten-year budget allows for more expansive long-term planning to address root disparities.
- Responses simulate a range of individuals, including those directly affected and those who see indirect changes due to systemic shifts.
- Some simulated individuals won't show impact due to being outside the policy's direct influence based on age, geography, or minimal justice system interaction.
- Attrition over time from the juvenile system and demographic changes mean some interviews reflect potential long-term outcomes.
Simulated Interviews
High School Student (Chicago, IL)
Age: 17 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 4
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 7/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I hope this policy gives me a second chance.
- Being treated fairly in the justice system is important.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 4 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 4 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 4 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 3 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 2 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 2 |
Student, part-time worker (Los Angeles, CA)
Age: 16 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 5
Duration of Impact: 10.0 years
Commonness: 9/20
Statement of Opinion:
- It's hard to trust the system, but change would be great.
- I want to feel safe in seeking help without being judged.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 5 | 5 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 5 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 5 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 5 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 5 |
Student (Miami, FL)
Age: 15 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 0.0 years
Commonness: 12/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I don't think this policy affects me directly, but I hope it helps others.
- Equal treatment in society is essential.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 7 |
Unemployed (Detroit, MI)
Age: 18 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 3
Duration of Impact: 10.0 years
Commonness: 6/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I've been through the system, and it needs to be fairer.
- Hopefully, this policy gives more support and opportunities.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 4 | 3 |
| Year 2 | 5 | 2 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 2 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 2 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 1 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 1 |
Middle School Student (New York City, NY)
Age: 13 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 10/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I'm worried about safety in my community, maybe this policy could help.
- I want the police to treat us fairly and understand our situation.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 6 |
Elementary Student (Houston, TX)
Age: 12 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 10.0 years
Commonness: 11/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I don't really know much about this, but my family talks about fairness.
- Everyone should get a fair chance. I hope this helps.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 7 |
College Student (Philadelphia, PA)
Age: 19 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 10.0 years
Commonness: 8/20
Statement of Opinion:
- Restorative justice was a life-saver, more access is needed.
- Racial disparities are real, this policy is a step in the right direction.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 3 | 8 | 6 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 6 |
| Year 10 | 9 | 6 |
| Year 20 | 9 | 6 |
High School Student (Seattle, WA)
Age: 14 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 10.0 years
Commonness: 9/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I've been to protests, hoping for change is good.
- The system needs updates to be fair to everyone.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 6 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 6 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 6 |
High School Student (Phoenix, AZ)
Age: 17 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 5
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 7/20
Statement of Opinion:
- Mentorship has helped me a lot, more programs like this could benefit others.
- I see the struggles of my peers; this policy could bring change.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 5 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 5 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 5 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 5 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 5 |
High School Graduate, looking for work (Atlanta, GA)
Age: 18 | Gender: other
Wellbeing Before Policy: 4
Duration of Impact: 10.0 years
Commonness: 8/20
Statement of Opinion:
- It’s hard to trust changes, but I want to believe in a better future.
- Hoping this policy will help provide fair opportunities and less judgement.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 5 | 4 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 4 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 4 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 4 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 4 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 4 |
Cost Estimates
Year 1: $105000000 (Low: $80000000, High: $130000000)
Year 2: $102000000 (Low: $78000000, High: $126000000)
Year 3: $98000000 (Low: $75000000, High: $122000000)
Year 5: $95000000 (Low: $73000000, High: $118000000)
Year 10: $90000000 (Low: $69000000, High: $112000000)
Year 100: $70000000 (Low: $54000000, High: $87000000)
Key Considerations
- The effectiveness of training programs in reducing racial and ethnic disparities.
- State participation and compliance levels might vary significantly, affecting overall outcomes.
- Long-term benefits vs. short-term costs should be considered, particularly focusing on the societal benefits of reduced disparities.