Bill Overview
Title: Prioritizing National Security in Export Controls Act of 2022
Description: This bill transfers from the Department of Commerce to the Department of Defense (DOD) all authorities regarding implementation and enforcement of matters relating to export control. Specifically, DOD's Defense Technology and Security Administration must carry out these export control activities.
Sponsors: Rep. Banks, Jim [R-IN-3]
Target Audience
Population: People working in industries affected by US export controls
Estimated Size: 5000000
- The bill involves export control, which refers to the regulation of goods and technology to ensure national security and prevent militarily advantageous technologies from being exported to potentially hostile foreign actors.
- The Department of Commerce currently manages export controls related to technology and commerce, while the Department of Defense focuses more directly on security threats.
- Export control impacts industries engaged in the production, sale, and distribution of technologies relevant to national security. These can include aerospace, electronics, software, and telecommunications industries.
- The workforce within these industries that engages in international trade will be directly impacted by changes in the department overseeing export control.
- Companies that work with technologies deemed critical for national security must adhere to strict guidelines, and changes may impact their business processes, trade opportunities, and compliance costs.
Reasoning
- The policy primarily impacts professionals and businesses in industries related to technology with national security implications, such as aerospace, electronics, and software.
- These industries are heavily regulated for national security reasons, and changes in the overseeing authority could lead to significant changes in compliance requirements.
- The Department of Defense may enforce stricter regulations, affecting companies' operations, profitability due to compliance costs, and possibly impacting workers' job security and stress levels.
- A significant portion of the American workforce in these sectors could experience only minor disruptions at first, while long-term changes might be more impactful after the new regulations influence corporate strategies and market dynamics.
Simulated Interviews
Software Engineer (Seattle, WA)
Age: 45 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 15/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I think it's a good idea to shift control to the Department of Defense. They likely understand better the security implications of what we're working with.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 8 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 8 | 7 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 7 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 7 |
Telecommunications Manager (Austin, TX)
Age: 35 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 10.0 years
Commonness: 10/20
Statement of Opinion:
- It's going to complicate our compliance efforts, but hopefully provides more clarity on security guidelines.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 5 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 6 |
Aerospace Engineer (San Jose, CA)
Age: 30 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 8
Duration of Impact: 3.0 years
Commonness: 8/20
Statement of Opinion:
- As long as it ensures the safety of our technology from foreign misuse, I'm supportive.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 2 | 9 | 8 |
| Year 3 | 9 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 8 |
Electronics Manufacturer CEO (Boston, MA)
Age: 50 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 5/20
Statement of Opinion:
- The transition could be disconcerting, and costs might rise due to more stringent regulations.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 7 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 10 | 6 | 7 |
| Year 20 | 6 | 7 |
Supply Chain Analyst (New York, NY)
Age: 28 | Gender: other
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 7.0 years
Commonness: 12/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I expect my job to become slightly more complicated with increased paperwork and compliance checks.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 5 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 5 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 10 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 20 | 6 | 6 |
Defense Contractor (Philadelphia, PA)
Age: 40 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 20.0 years
Commonness: 9/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I expect changes like these to be beneficial to our company's mission and eventually improve job satisfaction by removing ambiguities in security processes.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 7 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 7 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 7 |
Logistics Coordinator (Chicago, IL)
Age: 32 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 5
Duration of Impact: 3.0 years
Commonness: 11/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I doubt we'll see immediate impacts, but there could be potential benefits or drawbacks to our operations and international shipments over time.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 5 | 5 |
| Year 2 | 5 | 5 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 5 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 10 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 20 | 6 | 5 |
Oil and Gas Engineer (Houston, TX)
Age: 55 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 4/20
Statement of Opinion:
- This might add a layer to our existing compliance challenges, but the national security advantage is clear.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 5 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 10 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 20 | 6 | 6 |
International Trade Consultant (Los Angeles, CA)
Age: 50 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 8
Duration of Impact: 8.0 years
Commonness: 6/20
Statement of Opinion:
- For clients, adapting to new compliance requirements can be expensive and cumbersome, but if it effectively safeguards technology, it's worthwhile.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 8 |
| Year 3 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 8 |
Policy Analyst (Washington, D.C.)
Age: 60 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 0.0 years
Commonness: 3/20
Statement of Opinion:
- It aligns with broader national security interests, but successful implementation will depend on the execution of this transition.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 7 |
Cost Estimates
Year 1: $300000000 (Low: $250000000, High: $400000000)
Year 2: $200000000 (Low: $180000000, High: $250000000)
Year 3: $200000000 (Low: $180000000, High: $250000000)
Year 5: $200000000 (Low: $180000000, High: $250000000)
Year 10: $200000000 (Low: $180000000, High: $250000000)
Year 100: $200000000 (Low: $150000000, High: $250000000)
Key Considerations
- The potential impact on international trade relations and agreements, as export controls become more stringent under DOD leadership.
- Possible resistance from industry stakeholders due to changes in compliance and operational procedures.
- The need for DOD to develop expertise typically held by the Department of Commerce for effective implementation without disrupting trade.
- Potential legal challenges or concerns regarding the concentration of power within a single department for export controls.