Bill Overview
Title: Financing Lead Out of Water Act of 2022
Description: This bill allows the issuance of tax-exempt private activity bonds to finance the replacement of any privately-owned portion of a lead service line in a public water system. Specifically, the bill provides that the use of proceeds from such bonds for replacement of a lead service line does not constitute private business use.
Sponsors: Rep. Kildee, Daniel T. [D-MI-5]
Target Audience
Population: individuals living in homes with privately-owned lead service lines
Estimated Size: 10000000
- The main intent of the bill is to replace privately-owned portions of lead service lines in public water systems.
- Lead service lines are most common in older homes, particularly those built before the 1980s.
- The legislation will predominantly impact individuals living in these older homes with lead service lines.
- Homeowners whose property value could be affected by the presence of lead service lines can benefit from this legislation.
- Communities with higher incidences of lead service lines, often in older urban areas, will be more heavily affected.
- Exposure to lead in drinking water can affect the health of residents, especially children and pregnant women.
Reasoning
- The policy primarily benefits homeowners in older cities and states, such as those in the Northeast and Midwest, where lead service lines are more prevalent.
- The impact will vary significantly based on demographic and geographic factors, such as property age and socio-economic status of residents.
- The budget constraints will limit the scope of the replacements in the first few years, focusing efforts on the most affected and vulnerable populations.
- The long-term health benefits, especially for children, could influence wellbeing scores positively over time.
- Many individuals will not notice an immediate change in wellbeing as the effect of the policy is more indirect, focusing on preventative health.
Simulated Interviews
Teacher (Flint, Michigan)
Age: 42 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 4
Duration of Impact: 20.0 years
Commonness: 15/20
Statement of Opinion:
- The policy is a step in the right direction, but implementation speed is crucial.
- I'm hopeful that this will bring clean water and peace of mind for my family.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 5 | 4 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 4 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 4 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 5 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 5 |
| Year 20 | 9 | 5 |
Plumber (Milwaukee, Wisconsin)
Age: 37 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 5
Duration of Impact: 15.0 years
Commonness: 10/20
Statement of Opinion:
- This bill should have come sooner, but it's necessary for public health.
- The policy will improve the quality of life over time as awareness and implementation go hand in hand.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 5 | 5 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 5 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 5 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 5 |
Retired (Chicago, Illinois)
Age: 62 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 3
Duration of Impact: 10.0 years
Commonness: 12/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I'm worried about how long it will take to replace the lines in my area.
- This sounds promising, but I've seen promises like these before with little result.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 4 | 3 |
| Year 2 | 5 | 3 |
| Year 3 | 5 | 3 |
| Year 5 | 6 | 4 |
| Year 10 | 6 | 4 |
| Year 20 | 6 | 4 |
Freelance Photographer (Newark, New Jersey)
Age: 29 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 10.0 years
Commonness: 14/20
Statement of Opinion:
- While this policy won't affect me as a renter directly, it benefits my community.
- Clean water is a basic right, and this policy supports that view.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 5 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 6 |
Small Business Owner (Boston, Massachusetts)
Age: 55 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 7
Duration of Impact: 0.0 years
Commonness: 18/20
Statement of Opinion:
- It's good for the city's reputation but won’t affect my business directly unless health codes demand changes.
- I'm relieved to see my taxes funding such necessary infrastructure projects.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 7 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 7 |
Nurse (St. Louis, Missouri)
Age: 34 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 5
Duration of Impact: 15.0 years
Commonness: 13/20
Statement of Opinion:
- This could save me thousands in replacing lines myself.
- It provides much-needed reassurance about long-term living conditions.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 5 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 5 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 5 |
| Year 20 | 9 | 5 |
City Planner (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania)
Age: 46 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 6
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 16/20
Statement of Opinion:
- I'm advocating for maximized implementation and education.
- The policy is a part of critical infrastructure improvement.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 6 | 6 |
| Year 2 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 3 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 5 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 6 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 6 |
Construction Worker (Cleveland, Ohio)
Age: 50 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 5
Duration of Impact: 12.0 years
Commonness: 14/20
Statement of Opinion:
- This policy will likely provide more job opportunities in construction.
- It's beneficial for communities, though the immediate impacts may be limited.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 5 | 5 |
| Year 2 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 3 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 5 | 6 | 5 |
| Year 10 | 7 | 5 |
| Year 20 | 7 | 5 |
Retired (Detroit, Michigan)
Age: 70 | Gender: female
Wellbeing Before Policy: 4
Duration of Impact: 5.0 years
Commonness: 13/20
Statement of Opinion:
- Even if it doesn't directly impact me now, it should have happened decades ago.
- This will help my grandchildren in the long run.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 4 | 4 |
| Year 2 | 5 | 4 |
| Year 3 | 5 | 4 |
| Year 5 | 5 | 4 |
| Year 10 | 5 | 4 |
| Year 20 | 5 | 4 |
Software Engineer (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania)
Age: 31 | Gender: male
Wellbeing Before Policy: 8
Duration of Impact: 0.0 years
Commonness: 19/20
Statement of Opinion:
- This policy seems essential for older neighborhoods.
- Awareness of such issues should increase considerably as the policy is enacted.
Wellbeing Over Time (With vs Without Policy)
| Year | With Policy | Without Policy |
|---|---|---|
| Year 1 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 2 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 3 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 5 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 10 | 8 | 8 |
| Year 20 | 8 | 8 |
Cost Estimates
Year 1: $200000000 (Low: $100000000, High: $300000000)
Year 2: $220000000 (Low: $110000000, High: $330000000)
Year 3: $242000000 (Low: $121000000, High: $363000000)
Year 5: $290000000 (Low: $145000000, High: $435000000)
Year 10: $350000000 (Low: $175000000, High: $525000000)
Year 100: $0 (Low: $0, High: $0)
Key Considerations
- The bond market's appetite for tax-exempt bonds can influence participation rates.
- Federal tax law changes can impact the interest in such tax-exempt bonds.
- Local jurisdictions' capacity to manage and fund lead service line replacements will affect uptake.